Service Facilities

Service Facilities and rail related services are a broad yet crucial category of railway infrastructure. With each train path and train movement, there is always an associated need for one or multiple types of service facilities. This can include a slot at a station, a track to park the train, access to a freight terminal for loading or unloading goods, service at a maintenance facility, and more. Without access to such facilities, a train cannot operate or serve fully its purpose, thus making service facilities and their access just as important as the railroad tracks and paths that connect them. With the variety of types of rail connected facilities, there is also a wide variance in ownership, which can be owned and maintained by infrastructure managers, independent companies, or even railway undertakings themselves. FTE and its members highlight the importance of rail connected facilities as an essential element of improving the competitiveness of railways and the international operation.

There are numerous types of Service Facilities, each with its own relevance for passenger and/or freight undertakings. Below are listed some of the most important service facilities as defined by the European Union in the Single European Railway Area directive (SERA – 34/2012):

Service facilities pose many challenges from the perspective of capacity management and timetabling. Many of these challenges have thus far not been sufficiently tackled by the railway sector, with most of the consequences of inaction falling on railway undertakings. Firstly, the involvement of service facility owners and railway undertakings´ needs into the infrastructure development is limited and not internationally aligned. Secondly, current processes for the allocation of capacity do not sufficiently include the associated space/services/slots that are needed at the relevant service facility. This means that railway undertakings must often independently contract with the relevant facilities, with no guarantee that their availability will match the train paths that they have been allocated. The fragmentation of rail connected facilities and different processes and access conditions makes harmonization with path allocation difficult and cumbersome, moreover, this can lead to facilities which are not adequately equipped to manage the demands of the market. There are many situations where problems can arise, for example:

Railway undertakings (RUs) are dependent on infrastructure managers and their processes for capacity allocation and timetabling. When these processes do not sufficiently integrate service facilities and this negatively effects the running of the train, the loss is ultimately borne by the RU. For RUs this means delays, cancelled trains, irregular service, loss of profits, higher administrative burden, and in the end the lower competitiveness of rail compared to trucks and buses for freight and passengers. With the development of new and harmonized processes for timetabling and capacity management comes opportunities for the integration of service facilities into such processes. This can increase efficiency and improve the business outlook for RUs.